含异氰酸基表面改性剂制备及其在PVC/木粉材料中的应用

以异氰酸酯与脂肪醇为原料，制备了含异氰酸基表面改性剂，并研究了该改性剂对聚氯乙烯（PVC）/木粉复合材料力学性能及加工性能的影响。结果表明，通过3 %表面改性剂改性以后的木粉，其表面接触角能够达到146.0 °；相对于由未改性木粉制备的PVC/木粉复合材料，由改性木粉制备的PVC/木粉复合材料，拉伸强度提高了32.6 %，断裂伸长率提高了42.1 %；PVC/改性木粉复合材料的塑化时间从57.5 s缩短至46.7 s，平衡扭矩从24.7 N·m减小到18.2 N·m，塑化温度从147.3 ℃降低到了140.4 ℃；随着碳链的增长，改性剂的改性效果也随之优化。

Synthesis of a Surface Modifier Containing Isocyanate on Poly(vinyl chloride)/Wood Powder Composites

In this study, a kind of surface modifiers was synthesized from isocyanate and aliphatic alcohol and was used in poly(vinyl chloride) based wood plastic composites(WPC). After treated with 3 % surface modifier, the surface water contact angle of wood flour increased to 146.0°, and the tensile strength of WPC increased by almost 32.6 % and the elongation at break increased by more than 42.1 %. The plasticizing time of WPC decreased from 57.5 s to 46.7 s, the equilibrium torque decreased from 24.7 to 18.2 N·m, and the plasticizing temperature decreased from 147.3 to 140.4 ℃. In addition, the longer the carbon chain length of aliphatic alcohol, the better the surface modification effect of the surface modifier.