“十三五”以来广西村卫生室卫生资源配置公平性分析

目的 评价广西“十三五”以来村卫生室卫生资源配置公平性，为优化村卫生室卫生资源配置提供依据。方法 运用洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数、泰尔指数，从人口和地理两个角度，分析2016—2019年广西村卫生室卫生资源配置状况及公平性。结果 2016—2019年，广西村卫生室卫生资源数量逐年减少并低于同期全国、东部、中部和西部平均水平。桂北与桂东地区卫生资源拥有量较高，桂西地区较少。各卫生资源指标的基尼系数按人口分布在0.113 2～0.484 3之间；按按地理分布在0.371 7～0.652 6之间。总泰尔指数在0.225 2～0.791 6之间，区域内的泰尔指数贡献率大于区域间。结论 广西村卫生室卫生资源总量不足，分布存在地区差异；卫生资源配置按人口分布的公平性优于按地理分布；卫生资源配置的不公平性主要受区域内差异的影响。

Equity of health resources allocation in village clinics in Guangxi since the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan

Objective To analyze the equity of health resources allocation in village clinics since the 13th Five-Year Plan in Guangxi, and to provide references for optimizing the allocation of health resources in rural areas. Methods The Lorentz curve, Gini coefficient, and Theil index were used to analyze the equity of health resource allocation among village clinics in Guangxi from 2016 to 2019 at population and geographic level. Results From 2016 to 2019, the amount of health resources among village clinics in Guangxi declined, lower than the average levels in national, eastern, central and western China during the same period. The amount of health resources in village clinics was higher in northern and eastern Guangxi and lower in western Guangxi. The Gini coefficients of each health resources ranged from 0.1132 to 0.4843 by population and ranged from 0.3717 to 0.6526 according to geographical distribution. The total Theil index was between 0.2252 and 0.7916,and the contribution rate of the Theil index in the region was greater than that in the region. Conclusion The total amount of health resources among village clinics in Guangxi is insufficient and varies significantly in different regions. The equity of allocation of health resources by population is superior to that of geographical distribution, and the inequity of the resource allocation in village clinics is mainly affected by regional differences.