我国城乡流动人口健康教育现状及其影响因素的差异性分析

目的 了解城乡流动人口健康教育现状及其影响因素，为促进中国流动人口健康素养和健康水平提供参考。方法 利用中国2017年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据，共纳入 169 989名流动人口进行分析。t检验和χ2检验用于组间比较。二元 logistic 回归模型用于分析城乡流动人口健康教育现状及其影响因素。结果 2017年全国流动人口中，农村流动人口健康教育接受率为65.6%；城镇流动人口健康教育接受率为69.6%；二元 logistic 回归分析结果显示，文化程度为中等教育（OR = 1.236, P = 0.003, 95%CI:1.065～1.361)、年人均GRP（gross regional product）在100 000元以上(OR = 0.833, P = 0.007, 95%CI:0.730～0.951)、患有高血压(OR = 0.702, P = 0.002, 95%CI:0.562～0.878)或者患有高血压和糖尿病(OR = 0.072, P = 0.043, 95%CI:0.530～0.989)、本地建立健康档案(OR = 4.238, P＜0.001, 95%CI:3.509～5.119)、和完全认同自己为本地人(OR = 1.412,P = 0.046,95%CI:1.006～1.981)的农村流动人口更愿意接受健康教育；已婚(OR = 0.692,P = 0.000,95%CI:0.671～0.804)、老年人（OR = 0.500, P = 0.020, 95%CI:0.278～0.898)、年人均GRP在100 000元(OR = 0.911,P = 0.034,95%CI:0.837～0.992)以上、患有高血压(OR = 0.820, P = 0.021, 95%CI:0.693～0.970)、自评健康(OR = 1.363, P = 0.018, 95%CI:1.041～1.533)、本地建立健康档案(OR = 3.892, P＜0.001, 95%CI:3.424～4.425)的城镇流动人口更愿意接受健康教育。结论 城乡流动人口接受健康教育水平不均，健康教育影响因素具有差异性。将城乡流动人口作为健康教育服务的重点关注对象，加大对于该群体健康教育服务的投入 ，针对城乡流动人口健康教育影响因素的差异性，进行个性化、差异化的健康教育。

Differential analysis of factors influencing health education among urban and rural migrant populations

To understand the current situation of health education and its influencing factors among urban and rural mobile populations, and to provide reference for promoting health literacy and health level of mobile populations in China. Methods A total of 169 989 mobile populations were included in the analysis using data from the 2017 National Mobile Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey in China. Comparison between groups were done using t-test and chi-square test.Binary logistic regression models were used to analyze the current situation of health education and its influencing factors a-mong urban and rural mobile populations. Results Among the national mobile population in 2017, the acceptance rate of health education among rural mobile population was 65.6%, the acceptance rate of health education among urban mobile population was 69.6%. The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that secondary education( OR=1.236, P=0.003, 95%CI:1.065-1.361), the annual per capita GRP(Gross Regional Product) of 100 000 or more(OR=0.833, P=0.007,95%CI: 0.730-0.951), with hypertension(OR=0.702, P=0.002, 95%CI: 0.562-0.878) or with hypertension and diabetes(OR=0.072, P=0.043, 95% CI: 0.530-0.989), locally established health records(OR=4.238, P<0.001, 95%CI: 3.509-5.119), and rural migrants who fully identified themselves as locals(OR=1.412, P=0.046, 95% CI:1.006-1.981) were more willing to receive health education; married(OR=0.692, P<0.001, 95% CI=0.671～0.804), elderly(OR=0.500, P=0.020, 95%CI: 0.278-0.898), with an annual per capita GRP of 100 000 yuan(OR=0.911, P=0.034, 95%CI: 0.837-0.992) or more, had hypertension(OR=0.820, P=0.021, 95%CI: 0.693-0.970), self-rated health(OR=1.363, P=0.018, 95%CI: 1.041-1.533), and locally established health records(OR=3.892, P<0.001, 95%CI: 3.424-4.425) of the urban floating population were more willing to receive health education. Conclusion The urban and rural mobile populations receive health education at uneven levels, and there are differences in the factors influencing health education. The urban and rural migrant population should be the key target of health education services, the investment in health education services for this group should be increased, and per-sonalized and differentiated health education should be provided according to the differences in health education influencing factors of the urban and rural migrant population.