柳宗元的“统合儒释”思想及其对程朱理学的开启作用

佛教传入中国后,经过两晋南朝的发展,到唐代达到鼎盛,形成了中国化的佛教。佛教的发展给本就式微的儒学带来了危机,为了恢复儒学的权威地位,士人知识分子进行了不懈努力,柳宗元就是这方面的代表,他提出了"统合儒释"的思想,吸收佛学精义以改造儒学,使儒学在唐代有了新的发展。不仅如此,柳宗元的"统合儒释"思想还对后世影响很大,二程朱熹正是借鉴了这一思想,以"援佛入儒"的方式对儒学进行改造,建构了新儒学———程朱理学这一庞大的唯心主义思想体系,使之成为中国封建社会后期的正统意识形态。

Liu Zongyuan's "United Confucianism" and its Inspired Efforts to the Study of Cheng and Zhu

Since the Buddhism introduced to China, after developing in Western and Eastern Jin and Nan Dynasty, the Buddhism reached the hright in Tang Dynasty, and formated Chinese Buddhism. The development of Buddhism brought crisises to rather weak confucianism, some intellectual persons made tireless efforts to retrieve its field, and LiuZongyuan is a representative of them. He raised "United Confucianism" which sucks Buddhist soul into Confucianism alteration, so that the confucianism made a new development.Moreover, Liu's idea carried weight greatly to afterworld, ChengJing, Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi just Used his idea for reference, and made a change in terms of "yuan fo ru ru" then formed new Confucianism-- Cheng and Zhu's study of mentalism system, which became the orthodox ideology in later feudal society of China.