集体行动困境的产生与化解

集体行动的困境是一种客观存在的社会现象。西方学者根据生活世界的反映,建构了集体行动困境产生的的三种理论模型:公地悲剧、囚徒困境和集体行动的逻辑。针对如何解决集体行动困境的难题,西方学者从不同角度提出了不同的解决方法,可以将之归纳为四种方案:霍布斯的第三方强制力即政府方案、市场方案、社会资本与综合自主治理的方案。通过对这四种方案优缺点的分析,建议把经济学和社会学方法结合起来,建立一个新的解决方案。

Generation and Resolution of Collective Action Dilemma

Dilemma of collective action is an objective social phenomenon.According to the reflection of the living world,western scholars have built three theoretical models of collective action dilemma,generated:tragedy of the commons,prisoner’s dilemma and the logic of collective action.How to solve the dilemma of collective action problems,western scholars from different perspectives put forward different solutions,which can be grouped into three options by combing the literature:Hobbes mandatory third-party program also called government program,market program,and the social program of comprehensive self-governance and social capital.By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of three options,we can create a new solution to combine economics and sociology.