大气氮沉降向典型红壤区农田生态系统定量输入研究

在2005年,通过对中国科学院红壤生态实验站(江西鹰潭)内农田小气候要素和湍流的观测及大气和雨水中氮化物的分析,借助大叶阻力相似模型,研究了大气氮素(N)通过干、湿沉降输入研究地农田生态系统的N通量.结果表明,全年通过大气沉降向该农田生态系统输入N 132.6 kg.hm-2,其中干沉降输入N 82.63 kg.hm-2,占大气总输入N的67.94%.干沉降过程中,气体中以NH3-N沉降为主,占气态N沉降的43.02%~89.89%(均值为71.05%);颗粒中以NO3--N为主,占颗粒态N的33.67%~94.54%(均值为61.01%).每月通过湿沉降(雨水)输入N 0.50~8.45 kg.hm-2,以7月和11月较高.

Quantitative Input of Atmospheric Nitrogen to an Agro-ecosystem in a Typical Red Soil Region

The atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition flux and dry deposition N velocities (V_d) were estimated using big leaf resistance analogy model by observations of onflow and factors of farmland microclimate, analysis of nitrides from the atmosphere and rain in an agro-ecosystem, a typical red soil region on Experiment Station of Red Earth Ecology, Chinese Academy (Yingtan, Jiangxi) of Sciences in 2005. The results showed that the dry deposition N was 82.63 kg·hm^-2, accounting for 67.94% of the total N, which was 132.6 kg·hm^-2 in the whole year (2005). In N dry deposition progress, NH₃-N and NO^-₃-N were the main settlement for gas and particle, respectively. NH₃-N was made up 43.02% to 89.89% (mean value, 71.05%) of the gaseous N deposition while NO^-₃-N was accounted for 33.67% to 94.54% (mean value, 61.01%) of the particle N deposition. The N wet deposition fluxes were 0.50-8.45 kg·hm^-2 per month and reached the higher value in July and November.