用太阳辐射转化法计算室外照度值

针对中国光气候数据资料不足、太阳辐射数据丰富以及资金有限的现状,在分析多种光气候数据采集方法的基础上,选用太阳辐射转化法获得光气候数据。引入发光功效的概念作为室外照度值和太阳辐射量转化的基本关系,并分析对比了已有的发光功效模型,运用天空晴朗指数,以重庆1991-1992年的实测数据为基础进行拟合,建立了总发光功效模型和散射发光功效模型。选用重庆1993年的实测数据对该模型进行了验证,得到了高于其他模型的计算精度。为了验证该模型在中国其他城市的适用性,对中国32个城市的年平均总照度值的计算值和实测值进行了对比,结果证明该转化模型能够满足采光设计的需要。运用这种方法只要输入某地某时刻的太阳辐射数据就可以计算出当地该时刻的室外总照度值和散射照度值,可以大大丰富中国各个城市的光气候数据。最后论文给出了该模型用于室外照度值计算的应用方法。

Obtaining Outdoor Illuminance Values with Solar Irradiation Transformation Models

Daylighting is one of the important aspects of sustainable building,but architectural daylighting in China is obstructed because of shortage of daylight meteorological measurement record.However,there are many data of solar irradiation.Therefore solar irradiance values are used to calculate outdoor illumination values.Luminous efficacy is introduced to show the relation between solar irradiance and outdoor illumination.Sunny index is used to represent the meteorological states of the sky.On the basis of measurement data in Chongqing from 1991 to 1992,new luminous efficacy calculation model is built to obtain the outdoor global illuminance values and the diffuse illuminance values.Measurement data in Chongqing in 1993 is used to evaluate the proposed mode,which shows the proposed models are reliable.In order to prove possibility of calculating illuminance in other places in China,the measurement data records of annually average global illuminance values in 32 cites are used to examine the calculation results.If the real-time solar irradiation data was input,the real-time illuminance values could be obtained with this model in China,thus millions of illuminance values could be used in future daylighting design.