有机合成的“百宝箱”

20世纪所涌现的新试剂和新方法深刻地影响了有机合成的发展,其中很多开创性的成果获得了诺贝尔化学奖。这些试剂的结构不仅限于碳、氢、氧和氮这些有机合成中的基本元素,还扩充至元素周期表中其他元素。为了解这些碳、氢、氧和氮以外的元素在有机合成中的应用,本文以获得诺贝尔化学奖的有机化学相关成果为主要内容,对元素周期表中以硼、磷为代表的非金属,以锂、镁、铝为代表的主族金属,以及以钯为代表的过渡金属在有机合成中的应用作了简单梳理。

Valuable Tools for Organic Synthesis

Newly discovered reagents and reactions in the 20th century profoundly boosted the development in organic synthesis and some of them have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Besides carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, other elements in the periodic table are also involved in these reagents and reactions. This paper focused on these elements in organic synthesis, especially those that have received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Boron, phosphorus, lithium, magnesium, aluminum and palladium are discussed in this paper.