基于岩石损伤破坏和声发射理论的岩爆发生机理

岩石等脆性材料在加载过程中，随着载荷的增加，材料内部的微裂纹产生、扩展并伴随着声发射现象的发生。声发射是研究脆性材料损伤演化的良好工具，它能连续、实时地监测脆性物体内部微裂纹的产生与扩展，这是其他任何方法都不具有的优势。采用岩石声发射测试技术，对不同孔隙率的岩石的岩爆机理进行了系统的试验研究；利用统计规律和连续损伤力学理论建立了声发射与损伤变量之间线性关系式；用不同孔隙率的大理岩进行了双轴压缩试验。试验模拟了双向受力状态下的岩爆，研究了其破坏过程中的声发射特征，并从岩石损伤的角度分析了岩爆的发生机制。研究表明，采用岩石声发射测试技术追踪岩爆的产生和发展过程，是进行岩爆机理研究的一种科学、有效的方法。

Rock Burst Mechanism Based on Rock Damage and Acoustic Emission Theory

Micro-cracks will form and expand in brittle materials such as rocks with the increase of load, which will be accompanied by acoustic emission. Acoustic emission is a good tool for studying the damage evolution in brittle materials, and it can be used to monitor the formation and growth of the microwaves in brittle materials in a continuous and real-time way, which is a predominance that other methods do not possess. Linearity equation of acoustic emission and damage variables were set up by using statistic rules and continuous damage mechanic theory. Biaxial compression experiments were made by marble rocks with various pore rates. Rock burst under bidirectional loads was simulated, acoustic emission characteristic of the damage process studied, and the mechanism of rock burst occurrence was analyzed from the viewpoint of rock damage. The study indicates that rock acoustic emission testing technology, which can be used to trace the formation and development process of rock burst, is a scientific and effective method for studying rock burst mechanism.