颈外静脉留置针在妇科静脉化疗中的应用

目的：通过颈外静脉与前臂静脉留置针及颈内静脉置管方式的比较研究，探讨如何减少妇科化疗患者静脉炎及并发症的发生率和化疗中再次静脉穿刺的发生率，提高患者的舒适程度，节约成本，从而提高患者生活自理能力及生活质量。方法：对100例妇科恶性肿瘤患者化疗药物静脉滴注，用随机分组法将患者分为颈外静脉留置组（简称A组）和前臂静脉留置组（简称B组）、颈内静脉置管组（简称C组）进行临床观察与研究。结果iA组患者静脉炎发生率为2．5％，B组为30．O％，C组为0，组间比较差异有高度统计学意义（X^2=68．460，P〈0．01）。A组患者并发症外渗发生率为2．5％，B组为17．5％，C组为0，组间比较差异有高度统计学意义（x^2=29．804，P〈0．01）。A、C组患者生活自理能力基本正常，B组患者生活自理能力较差，需人照顾。结论：在妇科肿瘤患者静脉滴注化疗药物时选用颈外静脉留置针。颈内静脉置管的效果明显优于前臂静脉留置针，但操作的简易程度及操作成本颈外静脉留置针更加优于颈内静脉置管，因此值得临床推广。

Application of external jugular vein in the chemotherapy of gynecologic malignant tumor

Objective： To compare indwelled needle in external jugular vein, in forearm vein and internal jugular vein, so as to prevent from phlebitis and complication and puncture again in chemotherapy, improve the patients＇ quality of life. Methods： 100 cases of gynecologic cancer patients for clinical study with chemotherapy by intravenous drip method were divided into the external jugular vein indwelling group （group A）, forearm intravenous catheter group （group B）, internal jugular vein group （group C）. Results： The incidence of phlebitis in group A was 2.5%, group B was 30.0%, group C was 0, between the 3 groups there was a significant difference （X^2=68.460, P〈0.01）. The complications of extravasation rate in group A was 2.5%, group B was 17.5%, group C was 0, between the 3 groups there was a significant difference （X^2=29.804, /9〈0.01）. Group B was less able to take care of themselves and need to care, the patients of group A and C with normal dai ly living. Conclusion： Intravenous infusion in gynecological cancer patients with chemotherapy drugs used external jugular vein, internal jugular vein catheterization is superior to forearm intravenous catheterization, but the ease of operation and operating costs of the external jugular vein catheterization is superior to internal jugular vein catheterization, so it＇s worthy to be popularized.