上海市2001~2005年狂犬病流行病学特征分析

目的]分析2001~2005年上海市狂犬病流行病学特征和评价预防、控制策略。方法]开展病例流行病学调查和间接荧光法测狂犬病毒IgG。结果]2001~2005年上海市人狂犬病发病仍处于较低水平,共发生内源性病例3例,较前5年(1996~2000年)总计8例下降62.5%,发生外源性病例6例。2001~2005年报告的9例狂犬病病例平均潜伏期84.7 d,平均病程3.6 d,其中88.9%未经任何医疗预防处理。288例可疑犬咬伤者经及时全程医疗预防处理后,均未发病。结论]严格的犬类管理、及时伤口处理、狂犬病疫苗和抗狂犬病血清注射可以预防狂犬病和降低发病率。

A study on the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in 2001 - 2005 Shanghai

Objective] To analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Shanghai form 2001 to 2005. Methods] An epidemiological survey of rabies was made and serum samples were collected to detect IgG by IFA. Results] The prevalence of human rabies in Shanghai from 2001 to 2005 was still at low level.In these 5 years,there were totally 3 internal cases reported,while the number of cases reported from the previous 5 years(1996-2000) was 8,decending 62.5%.According to the data of the 9 reported cases form 2001 to sept.2005 the mean incubation was 84.7 days.The mean course of disease was 3.6 days.88.9% of them had not taken any preventive measure.288 persons who were bitten by suspected rabies dogs and took timely measures were all alive.In recent years,there were more than 80,000 persons been bitten by dogs every year in Shanghai.The rabies vaccine immunization rates were over 95%. Conclusion] Rabies can be prevented,even if persons were bitten by the rabies virus positive dogs.The important measure is to treat the wound timely,give vaccine and anti-rabies serum injection.According to the regulation of controlling dogs in Shanghai,the number of dogs are kept at the lowest level,immunizing all the registrated dogs,destroying the none-registrated dogs are the most essential work.