小鼠鼻腔灌洗及鼻黏膜获取方法的改进

目的 小鼠变应性鼻炎模型在变应性鼻炎发生发展及治疗手段疗效评估的研究中具有重要的作用，本研究在现有方法的基础上对小鼠鼻腔灌洗以及鼻黏膜的获取方法进行了改进，以提高小鼠鼻腔灌洗以及鼻黏膜获取的效率与质量。方法 经后鼻道的鼻腔灌洗方法，并将它与经气管插管的鼻腔灌洗进行了比较，通过比较灌洗液回收率以及操作耗时，以确定两种方法的优劣。另外本研究还提出了两种小鼠鼻黏膜获取方法：即从鼻骨和上颚两个开放的窗口获取鼻黏膜，以及分部位获取鼻黏膜的方法，并通过图片的形式对过程予以了展示。结果 经过简单培训的实验员用后鼻道鼻腔灌洗法收集的灌洗液量要显著高于颇有经验的实验员用气管插管鼻腔灌洗法获取的灌洗液量，平均回收率达93%，而且操作耗时明显缩短。通过从鼻骨和上颚两个开放的窗口获取鼻黏膜，以及分部位获取鼻黏膜的方法，可以分别实现最大化的获取小鼠鼻黏膜。结论 经后鼻道的鼻腔灌洗，从鼻骨和上颚两个开放的窗口获取鼻黏膜，以及分部位获取鼻黏膜的方法，操作简单，效率高，容易掌握，将会为小鼠变应性鼻炎模型研究的取材方法提供重要参考。

Improvement on methods to obtain nasal lavage fluid and mucosa from mice

Objective The mouse model of allergic rhinitis plays an important role in the research on the occurrence and development of AR and the evaluation of the therapeutic effect. However, the difficulty in obtaining samples from nasal lavage and nasal mucosa in mice limits the application of this model. In this study, we improved the methods to obtain nasal lavage fluid and nasal mucosa from mice.Methods An easy method to obtain the nasal lavage fluid of mouse through the postnasal way was proposed and compared with the method through tracheal way. In addition, two methods (i.e. dual windows through nasal bone and palate, subsite obtainment) were proposed for obtaining the nasal mucosa of mice and the processes were demonstrated in the form of pictures.Results The recovery of lavage fluid collected by the simple-trained experimenter using the postnasal way was significantly higher than that obtained by the experienced experimenter using the tracheal way. The average recovery rate of nasal lavage fluid was up to 93% in this new method, and the operation time was significantly shortened. In the process of obtaining the nasal mucosa of mice, the two methods proposed in this study could achieve the maximum obtainment of nasal mucosa or nasal mucosa from different locations respectively.Conclusion The methods to obtain nasal lavage fluid and the nasal mucosa of mice proposed in this study are simple to operate, efficient and easy to grasp, and will provide an important reference for the study of the mouse model of AR.