区域海气耦合模式研究进展

区域海气耦合模式是进行区域尺度气候模拟和预估的重要工具,近年来得到快速发展。在阐述区域海气耦合过程重要性的基础上,对当今国内外主要的区域海气耦合模式研究进展进行总结,归纳区域海气耦合模拟所关注的核心科学问题,介绍区域海气耦合模式的技术特点。发展基于耦合器且无通量订正的区域海气耦合模式是区域海气耦合模式发展的主流方向。当前国际上区域海气耦合模拟所关注的主要科学问题,包括区域海气耦合模式对区域海洋过程的模拟、区域海气耦合模式对区域大气过程的模拟、亚洲—西北太平洋季风模拟及其耦合模拟海表面温度(SST)冷偏差问题、热带海气相互作用过程模拟,以及区域海气耦合模式对未来气候变化的预估研究等。对上述5个方面科学问题的研究思路和主要科学结论进行总结,重点关注针对亚洲—西北太平洋季风区的区域海气耦合模拟研究,对区域海气耦合过程改进亚洲—西北太平洋地区降水模拟的物理机制,及在该区域模拟SST冷偏差的成因亦进行相关归纳和总结。最后提出当前区域海气耦合模拟亟待解决的关键科学问题。

A Review of Development and Application of Regional Ocean-Atmosphere Coupled Model

Regional Ocean-Atmosphere Coupled models(ROAMs) have been widely developed and used as an important tool for regional climate simulation and climate change projection in recent years.The ROAMs have been applied to investigate the climate variability over the regions including Asian-western North Pacific monsoon region,Baltic Sea,Maritime continent,eastern tropical Pacific and tropical Atlantic.In this paper,after emphasizing the scientific importance of regional air-sea coupling,the authors reviewed the recent progresses in the development and application of ROAM.The coupler based ROAM without flux correction is the future developing trend of ROAM.The scientific foci with ROAM include the simulation of regional atmospheric(oceanic) processes,Asian-western North Pacific monsoon simulation and the cold biases of simulated Sea Surface Temperature(SST),the simulation of tropical air-sea interaction processes,and dynamical downscaling of regional climate change projection.The associated main ideas and conclusions are summarized.The mechanisms that why the inclusion of local air-sea coupling improves the simulation of rainfall over Asian-western North Pacific monsoon domain and the causes of cold biases of simulated SST over this domain are highlighted.Finally,some scientific issues calling for future studies in regional air-sea coupling simulations are documented.