全球地表温度大气遥相关路径研究

基于复杂网络方法，分析不同区域地表温度之间存在的相关关系及其时滞，建立了体现大气遥相关的全球地表温度网络，进而给出地表温度网络遥相关路径．研究表明:网络连接的空间距离在3 500和7 000 km处有1个峰值，这与大气Rossby波的1/2和1倍波长一致．地表温度网络中，影响传播的主导节点在北半球分布在东亚、向西延伸的北太平洋、美国东海岸及邻接的北大西洋地区；在南半球分布在50° S纬度带．遥相关现象在南半球比北半球更显著，典型遥相关路径与不同的环流作用有明确对应:1）北太平洋中部到墨西哥的连接反映了西风带的作用；2）北大西洋传播到非洲北部、格陵兰岛到里海的连接，均属于连接北大西洋到欧亚大陆的跨欧亚波列的一部分；3）俄罗斯喀拉海到北太平洋的连接与北大西洋涛动（NAO）密切关联；4）南半球的连接反映了大气西风带和Rossby波的影响．大气遥相关路径分析有利于深化对地表温度变化的认识，可为减缓气候全球变化提供理论基础． 

Atmospheric teleconnections path of global surface temperature

Analysis of surface air temperature (SAT) teleconnections is considered a key issue in climate change research．In this paper, complex network approach was used to analyze correlation and time lags between different regions of SAT, to establish a global SAT network reflecting atmospheric teleconnections to give their teleconnections path．Enhanced distribution of large weights is observed at 3 500 km, 7 000 km , corresponding to 1/2, 1 wavelength of Rossby wave．Dominant nodes in the SAT network are recognizable in East Asia and the westward-extending North Pacific Ocean, the east coast of the United States, the adjacent North Atlantic region in-the Northern Hemisphere．In southern hemisphere, the patterns of density nodes are found to lie on a band centered near 50° S in the subtropical region．The wave structure is found more pronounced in the Southern Hemisphere．Typical tele-connection paths are found to correspond to different circulation effects．The connection from central North Pacific to Mexico reflects the action of the westerly wind belt．The connections from the North Atlantic propagation to northern Africa, from Greenland to the Caspian Sea are part of the trans-Eurasian wave train connecting North Atlantic to Eurasia．The Russian Kara Sea to North Pacific connection is closely related to North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)．The Southern Hemisphere connection reflects influence of atmospheric westerly belt and Rossby wave．Analysis of teleconnections is therefore useful to understand better surface temperature changes, providing some theoretical basis in mitigating global changes．