台风过境对太湖水文要素时空变化的影响

太湖流域是台风登陆我国较为频繁的地区之一，台风过境对太湖风场、降雨、水位等气象-水文要素产生较大影响，进而影响太湖的防汛工作。基于2018年过境太湖的18号台风温比亚，结合太湖周围水位站点观测数据及气象数据，分析整个台风过境过程对太湖水文要素的影响。结果表明，温比亚过境带来了短时间强风和强降雨天气，受强风且风向时刻变化的影响，太湖不同水域的水位短时间内出现剧烈波动，不同水位站点之间最大水位差可达0.98 m,高水位主要出现在太湖西南部大浦口地区，持续超警戒水位36 h;温比亚带来的强降雨天气，在短时间内使太湖平均水位抬升了约30 cm,高水位和水位剧烈雍高叠加作用，给防汛工作带来了极大挑战。该研究可为太湖流域科学应对台风天气导致的防汛问题提供参考依据。

Study on Impact of Typhoon on Temporal and Spatial Variation of Hydrological Elements in Lake Taihu

Lake Taihu basin is one of the regions where typhoons frequently land in China. The typhoon transit has a great impact on the wind field, rainfall, water level and other meteorological and hydrological elements of Lake Taihu, and affects the flood prevention work of Lake Taihu. Based on the Typhoon Rumbia, which passed over Lake Taihu in August 17 th 2018, this study analyzed the impact of typhoon on the hydrological elements of Lake Taihu during the whole transit process, combined with the observation data of water level stations and meteorological stations around Lake Taihu. The results show that the transit of Rumbia brought strong wind and heavy rainfall for a short period. Under the influence of strong wind and the change of wind direction, the water level of different part of Lake Taihu fluctuated sharply in a short period of time, and the maximum water level difference between different water level stations was up to 0.98 m. The high water level mainly occurred in the Dapukou area in the southwest of the Lake Taihu, and the high water level remained above the warning water level for 36 hours. At the same time, the heavy rainfall brought by Rumbia made the average water level of Lake Taihu rise by about 30 cm in a short period of time. The superposition of high water level and water level differences brought great challenges to the development of flood prevention work. This study can provide reference for Lake Taihu Basin to deal with the flood prevention problems caused by typhoon weather scientifically.