园林废弃物覆盖垫的持水性能及抗压效果研究

为探究园林废弃物制成的覆盖垫是否适用于覆盖城市裸露土壤,采取室内试验方法,对不同施胶量(胶黏剂添加质量分别占园林废弃物质量的20%,25%,30%,35%和40%)不同粒径(小粒径0～1 cm,大粒径1～3 cm)10种覆盖垫的抗压性能、透水性能和持水性能进行测试,以期选出合适施胶量合适粒径的覆盖垫。结果表明:随着施胶量的增加,不同覆盖垫的抗压性均显著增强,且泡水前优于泡水后。小粒径覆盖垫在施胶量不高于30%时透水能力相对较好,施胶量高于30%时的透水能力显著变差,渗透系数为1.09～9.35 cm/s。大粒径覆盖垫的透水能力基本不受施胶量的影响,透水性能良好,渗透系数整体为0.25～0.33 cm/s。覆盖垫的持水量与浸泡时间呈显著对数关系:Q=aln(t)+b,R~20.95;覆盖垫吸水速率与浸泡时间呈显著幂函数关系:V=kt~n,R~20.99。最大持水量(率)和有效拦蓄量(率)均随施胶量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,小粒径覆盖垫的有效拦蓄量为120.78～142.21 t/hm~2,有效含蓄率为93%～113%;大粒径覆盖垫的有效拦蓄量为71.71～83.35 t/hm~2,有效含蓄率为54%～65%。综上,该结果可为城市裸土覆盖提供理论依据和实践支持。

Study on Water Holding Capacity and Compressive Resistance of Garden Waste Cover Mats

In order to explore whether cover mats are suitable for covering urban bare soil and the appropriate amount of glue and the particle size for the cover mats, the compressive resistance, water permeability, and water holding capacity of 10 different cover mats with different glue dosages (glue content accounts for 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% of the garden waste)and different particle sizes (small particle size 0~1 cm and large particle size 1~3 cm) were analyzed in laboratory experiments. The results showed that the compressive resistance of different cover mats significantly increases with the increment of the glue dosage, and the compressive resistance of cover mats before soaking was better than that after soaking. The cover mat with small particle size had relatively good water permeability when the amount of glue was lower than 30%, and the water permeability significantly decreased when the amount of glue was higher than 30%, and the permeability coefficient was between 1.09 and 9.35 cm/s. The water permeability of cover mats with large particle size was basically unaffected by the amount of glue applied. The water permeability was good, and the permeability coefficient was generally between 0.25 and 0.33 cm/s. The water holding capacity of the cover mats had a significant logarithmic relationship with the soaking time, Q=aln(t)+b, R²>0.95. The water absorption rate of the cover mats showed a significant power function relationship with the soaking time, V=ktⁿ, R²>0.99. The maximum water holding capacity (rate) and effective storage capacity (rate) both increased firstly and then decreased with the increment of glue dosage. The effective storage capacity of the small particle size cover mat was between 120.78~142.21 t/hm², and the effective storage rate was between 93% and 113%. The effective storage capacity of the large particle size cover mat was between 71.71~83.35 t/hm², and the effective storage rate was between 54% and 65%. In summary, the results can provide theoretical basis and practical support for urban bare soil coverage.