甘肃省哈思山自然保护区药用植物调查与保护

目的:探明哈思山自然保护区野生药用植物种类及利用情况,为合理开发利用和保护该区域药用植物资源提供参考。方法:结合第四次全国中药资源普查技术方案,通过查阅文献资料、采集区域药用植物标本及走访调查,整理该保护区的野生药用植物种类并进行结果分析。结果:哈思山自然保护区共有药用植物247种7变种,隶属61科161属,野生药用植物种类以多年生草本居多;按药用部位统计全草类种类最多,共124种,占48. 82%,根及根茎类和果实及种子类次之;按中药功效统计清热类药用植物最多,占32. 68%;此外有草麻黄、达乌里秦艽及火烧兰等珍稀濒危野生药用植物8种。结论:哈思山自然保护区药用植物资源丰富,是靖远县及黄土高原区域药用植物资源重要组成部分和保护区域。但药用植物受采挖及虫害等威胁比较严重,资源利用存在盲目性,应得到科学保护和合理开发。

Resource Investigation and Conservation of Medicinal Plants in Hasi Mountain Nature Reserve of Gansu Province

Objective:To explore the wild medicinal plant species and utilization of Hasi mountain nature reserve,in order to provide the references for reasonable utilization and protection of the medicinal plant resources in this area. Method:The survey was conducted based on the technical scheme of the Fourth National Survey on Chinese Material Medica Resources. By consulting literature,collecting medicinal plants specimen and visiting survey area,researchers collected and summarized the wild medicinal plant species, and analyzed the results of reserves. Result:The results showed 7 varieties in 247 kinds of wild medicinal plants in Hasi mountain nature reserve,which belonged to 161 genera in 61 families;by the medicinal parts of all wild medicinal plants,the whole plant of a total of 124 species could be used,accounting for 48.82% of the total species,by traditional Chinese medicine efficacy, antipyretic herbs were the majority,accounting for 32.68% of the total. In addition,there were 8 kinds of rare and endangered wild medicinal plants,such as Ephedra sinica,Gentiana dahurica and Epipactis helleborine. Conclusion:Hasi mountain nature reserve has rich wild medicinal plant resources,and is an important part of medicinal plant resources and protection areas of Jingyuan county and Loess Plateau. However, because they are serious affected by incontinent excavation and insect pest,efforts shall be made in scientific protection and rational development.