片沸石、钙基膨润土去除垃圾渗滤液中有害物质的实验研究

以位于北京昌平小汤山的阿苏卫垃圾卫生填埋场渗滤液为研究对象,在不同的环境条件下:酸度(pH=5~9),温度(4℃~30℃),利用片沸石、钙基膨润土去除垃圾渗滤液中有害物质的实验,以化学耗氧量(COD)、氨氮为评价指标,分别探讨片沸石、钙基膨润土的COD、氨氮去除效果与其用量、渗滤液pH、温度、振荡时间的关系。研究表明,在实验条件下,片沸石对COD的最大去除量约为31×10-3,对氨氮的最大去除量约为27×10-3;去除COD、氨氮的最佳条件分别为:片沸石用量20 g/L、pH为5、温度4℃、振荡时间100 min。在实验条件下,钙基膨润土对COD的最大去除量约为63×10-3,对氨氮的最大去除量约为14×10-3;去除COD、氨氮的最佳条件分别为:钙基膨润土用量30 g/L、pH为5、温度4℃、振荡时间100 min。根据实验结果,对片沸石、钙基膨润土去除COD、氨氮的机理主要是氢键、静电作用及离子交换作用。

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON REMOVAL OF COD AND AMMONIA-NITROGEN FROM LANDFILL LEACHATE BY HEULANDITE AND Ca-BENTONITE

Experiments under different environmental conditions have been conducted by using heulandite and Ca-bentonite as the absorbents to eliminate COD and ammonia-nitrogen from landfill leachate in a landfill in the suburbs of Beijing.The capacities of heulandite and Ca-bentonite to eliminate COD and ammonia-nitrogen were studied,and the relationships between removal percentages and the mass of heulandite or Ca-bentonite,the initial pH of landfill leachate,the absorption temperature and vibration time were investigated.In the experiments,the optimum conditions for COD and ammonia-nitrogen to wipe off COD and ammonia-nitrogen from the landfill leachate were obtained and the mechanisms of removal of COD and ammonia-nitrogen from landfill leachate by heulandite and Ca-bentonite were discussed.