早期家庭干预对早产高危儿智能发育的影响

目的探讨早期家庭干预对早产高危儿智能发育的影响。方法 100例早产高危儿,分为干预组和未干预组各50例。同时随机选取正常婴幼儿50例作为正常对照组。干预组出生后即从产科和新生儿科开始建立专科档案,采用家庭式干预模式对干预组患儿进行早期干预,三组儿童均定期随访,以《Gesell发育诊断量表》进行发育评估。结果 1岁时,干预组语言、个人社交、精细动作、大运动、适应行为和总发育商（DQ）均高于未干预高危对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;干预组的个人社交、语言、精细动作和总DQ,与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;但适应行为DQ、大运动DQ均比正常对照组儿童低（P〈0.01）。高危儿对照组5个能区和总DQ均低于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论高危儿早期家庭干预能促进早产高危儿的智能发育,1岁时在语言、个人社交、精细动作方面可与正常儿童相近。早起家庭干预对早产高危儿智能发育效果显著。

Effect of Early Family Intervention on High-risk Premature Infants' Intelligence Development

Objective To explore the effect of early family intervention on intelligence development of high-risk premature infants.Methods One hundred high-risk premature infants were divided into two groups,intervention group （n=50） and non-intervention group （n=50）.The normal children were selected as normal control group （n=50） at the same time.The infants in intervention group received early family intervention.The infants in three groups were followed up and examined according to the ＂Gesell development-diagnosis table＂ when they were 1 year old.Results At the age of one year,the developmental quotients （DQs） of language,social skills,adaptive behavior,large movement,and fine motor of intervention group were significantly higher than those of non-intervention group,and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.No statistically significant difference was found in the DQs of social skills,language,and fine motor between intervention group and normal control group （P〉0.05）.The DQs of adaptive behavior and large movement of intervention group were lower than those of normal control group （P〈0.01）.All DQs and total DQs of high-risk premature infant group were significantly lower than those of normal control group,and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01）.Conclusions Early family intervention can significantly improve the DQs of high-risk premature infants,which can be similar to normal children’s DQs of language,social skills,and fine motor when they are 1 year old.