Clinical features and immunohistochemical changes of pituitary apoplexy |
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| Authors: | Chengzhi Mou Tao Han Hao Zhao Shaoguang Wang Yuanming Qu |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China;2. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China;3. Department of Neurosurgery, Longkou People’s Hospital, Longkou, Shandong, China;1. Department of Neurosurgery, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Umuttepe, ?zmit, Kocaeli, Turkey;2. Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Umuttepe, Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey;1. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. University Malaya Cancer Research Institute (UMCRI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;3. Centre for Kidney Disease Research, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, Australia;4. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;5. University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;1. Department of Medical Engineering, School of Technology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden;2. Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;3. Cardiovascular Imaging & Dynamics, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | The clinical features of 426 pituitary adenomas were retrospectively analyzed, focusing on the factors that affect the development of pituitary apoplexy. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to define the different hormone types of the tumors and the expression of various immunologic targets, including the pituitary tumor transforming gene, basic fibroblast growth factor-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Of the 426 patients, 83 presented with pituitary apoplexy (19.48%). Among them, 43 patients (43/83, 51.82%) developed apoplexy in the absence of any obvious precipitating factor. Clinical manifestations included headaches (80/83, 96.38%), vision loss (69/83, 83.13%), pituitary function change (51/83, 61.45%), visual field defects (41/83, 49.39%), and nausea and vomiting (34/83, 40.96%). Male patients and patients with functional adenoma had a higher probability of developing apoplexy. Complicated immunological expression patterns were found in adenomas associated with pituitary apoplexy, with adenomas of different hormone types identified. |
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