我院2012年病原菌耐药性监测结果分析

目的：调查2012年我院病原菌分布情况及其耐药性的流行趋势，为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供参考。方法：收集2012年在我院就诊患者的病原学及药敏检测资料，分析临床病原菌的分布特点，对主要病原菌的耐药情况进行统计。结果：2012年共收集4208份临床标本，分离出致病菌1069株，阳性率25．40％。病原菌分布以革兰阴性菌为主，占78．48％，革兰阳性菌占21．52％。检出肺炎克雷伯菌223株（20．86％），居第1位，其次是铜绿假单胞菌183株（17．12％），鲍曼不动杆菌143株（13．38％），大肠埃希菌120株（11．23％），金黄色葡萄球菌104株（9．73％）。病原菌主要分布于呼吸道和伤口渗液，分别占全部病原菌的57．01％和22．01％。多重耐药菌平均检出率为33．92％，鲍曼不动杆菌耐药菌株检出率最高（39．16％），其次是产ESBL肺炎克雷伯菌（33．63％）。结论：我院病原菌耐药形势严峻，应加强病原菌分布及耐药监测，加大对抗菌药物合理应用的管理力度。

Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Our Hospital in 2012

Objective： To investigate the epidemic trend of antibiotic resistance in our hospital in 2012, and to provide reference for the rational use of antimicrobial drugs. Methods： Collect etiology and drug susceptibility testing data in our hospital in 2012, and statistically analyze clinical pathogenic bacteria distribution characteristics and antibiotic resistance to major pathogenic bacteria. Results： In 2012, a total of 4,208 clinical specimens had been collected; 1,069 of pathogenic bacteria were isolated; the positive rate was 25.40%. The pathogens were mainly gram-negative bacteria （78.48%） , and gram-positive bacteria accounted for 21.52%. 223 strains of klebsiella pneumoniae were detected （20.86%）, followed by 183 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa （ 17.12% ） , 143 strains of acinetobacter baumannii （ 13.38% ） , 120 strains of E. coli （11.23%）, and 104 strains of Staphylococcus aureus （9.73%）. Pathogenic bacteria mainly distributed to respiratory tract and wound drainage, accounting for 57.01% and 22.01% of all pathogenic bacteria, respectively. Multi-resistant bacteria detection rate was 33.92%. The highest detection rate of drug-resistant strains was found in acinetobacter baumannii （39.16%）, followed by klebsiella pneumonia of ESBL producing strains （33.63%）. Conclusions： Due to the situation of pathogenic bacteria drug resistance, we should reinforce to pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance monitoring, and strengthen the management of the reasonable application of antibacterial drugs.