二氧化碳排放、人力资本和内生经济增长研究

本文在人力资本内生增长模型的基础上引入二氧化碳排放,并将二氧化碳作为环境质量引入效用函数,利用最优控制理论求得稳态时经济增长速度、二氧化碳增长速度,分析了稳态时实现经济增长和二氧化碳减排双重目标的条件,证明人力资本可以克服物质资本边际报酬递减和二氧化碳排放带来的负效用,实现经济增长和二氧化碳减排。通过比较静态分析、参数校准等方法研究了稳态时各增长率的变动趋势。随后本文考察引入二氧化碳排放后内生增长模型的动态性和稳定性,笔者分别通过相位图、数值模拟的方法研究了系统的动态过程,证明了系统的稳定性。

Study on Carbon Dioxide Emissions,Human Capital and Endogenous Economic Growth

Based on endogenous growth model of human capital,carbon dioxide emissions are introduced into the model according to the relationship of energy and carbon dioxide emissions provided by IPCC, in addition, carbon dioxide is introduced into utility functionas the environmental quality. The optimal control theory is used to obtain the steady economic growth and the growth rate of carbon dioxide, and the conditions of achieving the double targets on economic growth and carbon dioxide emission reduction in the steady-state are analyzed. It is proved that human capital can overcome the decreasing marginal utility of physical capital and disutility of carbon dioxide emissions in order to achieve economic growth and carbon dioxide emission reduction. By comparing static analysis and parameter calibration, the changing trend of the growth rate in steady state is studied. The method of numerical simulation and phase diagram is used to examine the dynamic path and stability of system. Finally the constant quantity relation in steady state is simulated by parameter calibration method, proving the model conclusions.The inspiration of this paper includes three aspects:First, the consumption level of the whole society should be improved and the economic growth should be stimulated through consumption, rather than through saving investment; Second, the training of human capital should be strengthened and the overall quality of human capital should be improved, in order to make human capital become the new motive force and "new dividend" of China's economic growth; Third, the awareness of environmental protection and energy saving, as well as environmental legislation and environmental law enforcement should be strengthened.On the whole, the paper can help the researchers and the government to get the relationship of economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions and get the enlightenment that how to keep economic growth when reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Besides, the paper gives us a new perspective that we can research the relationship of economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions through endogenous economic model.