PD-1/PD-L1通路在乳腺癌治疗中的作用及意义

程序性死亡受体1（programmed death-1，PD-1，CD279）为共刺激受体CD28超家族成员，主要表达在活化T细胞、B细胞、单核细胞以及自然杀伤细胞表面。程序性死亡配体1（programmed death-ligand 1，PD-L1，CD274）为PD-1的一个重要配体，广泛表达于肿瘤细胞以及抗原呈递细胞（APC）表面。以PD-1/PD-L1为靶点的肿瘤免疫治疗为肿瘤治疗开辟了新的道路。PD-1通过与PD-L1和(或)PD-L2结合，抑制T细胞活化，诱导T细胞凋亡，在肿瘤免疫逃逸中起着重要的作用。目前PD-1/PD-L1信号通路成为免疫靶向治疗的新靶点，相关研究在非小细胞肺癌、晚期黑色素瘤等多种恶性肿瘤领域有重大进展，研究发现PD-L1 在多种肿瘤细胞包括乳腺癌中表达上调，提示 PD-1/PD-L1通路可能参与肿瘤的免疫逃逸。本文将针对PD-1/PD-L1通路在乳腺癌治疗中的作用及意义进行综述。

The role of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in the treatment of breast cancer and its significance

Programmed death-1 (PD-1,CD279) is a member of the CD28 superfamily of costimulatory receptors and is expressed mainly on the surface of activated T cells,B cells,monocytes,and natural killer cells.Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1,CD274) is an important ligand for PD-1 and is widely expressed on tumor cells and APC surfaces.The tumor immunotherapy using PD-1/PD-L1 as a target has opened up a new path for cancer therapy.PD-1,through binding to PD-L1 and PD-L2,inhibits T cell activation,induces T cell apoptosis,and plays an important role in tumor immune escape.At present,the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway has become a new target for immunotargeting therapy.There have been significant advances in non-small cell lung cancer,advanced melanoma and other malignant tumors.PD-L1 has been found in many tumors.Upregulation of cells,including breast cancer,suggests that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway may be involved in tumor immune escape.This article will elaborate on the role and significance of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in the treatment of breast cancer.