2013-2017年北京市120院前急救患者疾病谱特征分析

  目的  了解北京市院前急救患者疾病谱特征，为合理配置院前急救资源、完善院前急救服务提供依据。  方法  利用北京急救中心120调度指挥系统急救出车数据，研究2013-2017年北京市120院前急救患者的疾病谱，分析不同年份、性别、年龄的患者疾病谱的差异和不同疾病的时间分布特征。  结果  2013-2017年北京市120院前急救患者共1 643 375人，疾病谱前三位疾病依次为:损伤和中毒（29.63%）、循环系统疾病（18.37%）、神经系统疾病（15.80%），5年间疾病顺位无变化。不同年龄段、性别患者疾病谱有差异。呼叫时间在春、夏、秋、冬季的分别占25.23%、24.97%、25.05%、24.75%，一天中08:00~09:59（12.41%）、12:00~13:59（10.05%）、14:00~15:59（9.91%）呼叫的最多，不同疾病的高发月份和时刻有差异。  结论  近年来北京市院前急救服务需求量不断增大，应加强对各年龄段人群尤其是男性外伤的防范和对老年人群慢性疾病突发情况的预防与应对能力，根据不同疾病的呼叫高峰月份和时间段合理配置院前急救资源。

Analysis of the disease spectrum of Beijing 120 prehospital emergency patients from 2013 to 2017

  Objective  To understand the disease spectrum of prehospital emergency patients in Beijing, so as to provide basis for rational allocation of prehospital emergency care resources and for improvement of prehospital emergency care.  Methods  Emergency dispatch database from 120 dispatching command system of Beijing Emergency Medical Center to was used study the disease spectrum of 120 prehospital emergency patients from 2013 to 2017 in Beijing, and were analyzed the differences of disease spectrum among patients of different years, genders and ages, and the time distribution of different diseases.  Results  From 2013 to 2017 in Beijing, 1 643 375 patients used 120 prehospital emergency care. The top 3 diseases of the disease spectrum were: injury and poisoning (29.63%), diseases of the circulatory system (18.37%), and diseases of the nervous system (15.80%). The sorting of diseases remained unchanged during the 5 years. The disease spectrums were different among different age groups and gender groups. The calls in spring, summer, autumn and winter accounted for 25.23%, 24.97%, 25.05% and 24.75% respectively. Most calls were made from 08:00 to 09:59 (12.41%), 12:00 to 13:59 (10.05%), and 14:00 to 15:59 (9.91%) during a day. The peak months and hours of different diseases were different.  Conclusions  The demand for prehospital emergency care has been increasing in Beijing in recent years. It is important to strengthen the prevention of injuries among all ages, especially male, and to improve the prevention and response capacity for acute attack of chronic diseases among older people. Prehospital emergency care resources should be rationally allocated according to the peak months and hours of calls.