Diagnostic neuroimaging: computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

BACKGROUND: Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MR) are commonly used neuroimaging modalities for patients with signs or symptoms of neuro-ophthalmic disorders. Understanding the technology and clinical uses of these modalities is vital in patient management. METHODS/RESULTS: Basic instrument design and technology are presented together with a discussion of indications and contraindications to the use of these imaging techniques. Case reports are presented to illustrate the usefulness in diagnosis of orbital and neuro-ophthalmic disease. CONCLUSIONS: A basic knowledge of CT and MR helps the optometrist correlate imaging with clinical signs and symptoms of disease. This understanding also results in more effective communication with other health care providers and patients.