船舶坞墩下水的结构分析及优化

建立全船有限元模型，模拟船舶船坞下水过程，对下水过程中的船体结构变形、坞墩支反力及船体结构强度进行校核。结果表明，艉部局部区域应力和坞墩支反力超衡准，存在破损风险。对艉部局部区域进行结构加强，对坞墩布置方案进行优化，对结构硬点进行消除，实现优化应力分布和均衡坞墩受力，可确保船舶下水过程中的船体及支撑系统安全。

Structural Analysis and Optimization of Ship Launching from Docking Block

The whole ship finite element model is established to simulate the process of ship launching from dock, and the hull structural deformation, docking block support reaction, and hull structural strength are checked during the launching. The result shows that the stern local stress and docking block support reaction are out of criteria and there is damage risk. By the stern local structural strength, docking block arrangement scheme optimization, and structural hard points elimination, optimizing the stress distribution and balancing the docking block force bearing are realized, which can guarantee the safety of hull and support system during the ship launching.