基于信息反馈的需求响应

从反馈机制的分类、信息传递媒介、反馈的信息内容和国外实践效果4个方面,介绍了一种面向居民用户的新型需求响应机制——用电信息反馈,进而对我国居民用电信息反馈机制的发展提出了建议。研究表明,近期我国可顺应阶梯电价的实施,首先推行增强型账单类型的信息反馈,其中应包含分时、分档电量和电费的细分信息以增强计费的透明度,包含当年总用电量和电费的预测信息以帮助用户避免年末奇高电费,还可包含对比类、环境影响评估类信息以从不同角度激励用户响应。未来,我国用电信息反馈机制可与先进计量系统同步发展,逐步实行周/日反馈和高级实时反馈,使信息反馈向高及时性、按电器细分的方向发展,由此提高信息反馈在激励用户节能节电上的促进作用。

Demand responses based on information feedback

A new type of residential demand response mecha-nism. intormation feedback on electricity consumption （IFEC）, is introduced from four aspects of classification, media, information contents and practical effects in tbreign countries. Suggestions are further provided for the development of IFEC in China. It＇ s pro-posed that presently, for gearing the tiered rates, enhanced billing should be first implemented, which shall include breakdown infor-mation like interval and block consumptions and fees so as to en-hance the billing transparency, include forecasts of yearly con-sumptions and tees so as to help residents avoid unexpected high bills in the end of the year, and include comparison and environ-mental evaluations for stimulate consumers with different motiva-tions. It atso concludes that in future, IFEC should be developed adaptively with the advanced metering infrastructure, weekly/daily or even real-time plus feedback might be applied. IFEC＇ s effect in stimulating demand response will be enhanced by breaking down the electricity consumption data by appliances and feeding back them more timely.