脑损伤患者康复入院后医院获得性感染的风险因素和预后分析

目的 本研究旨在评估发生医院获得性感染（hospital-acquired infection,HAI）的风险因素及其对患者预后的影响。方法 回顾性分析南昌大学第一附属医院2019年1月至2021年12月入院接受康复治疗的脑损伤患者401例，分为HAI组和无感染组，单因素和多因素分析对比两组患者的特征信息，分析HAI的风险因素，并以患者住院时间、神经功能和生活指数为指标，评价HAI对患者预后的影响。结果 HAI者53例，平均年龄（56.68±16.29）岁，无感染者348例，平均年龄（48.06±16.19）岁。单因素回归分析后提示年龄>65岁、男性、心脏疾病、肾功能不全、糖尿病、气管切开、机械通气、抗菌药物治疗在HAI组和无感染组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素回归分析提示年龄>65岁、气管切开、机械通气是HAI的风险因素。HAI组患者住院时间比无感染组略长，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。HAI组神经功能损害、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（Hamilton depression scale,HAMD）、改良Rankin量表（modified Rankin ...

Risk factors and prognosis of hospital-acquired infection in patients received rehabilitation after brain injury

Objective Patients with brain injury are often hospitalized for rehabilitation treatment, but there exists a risk of hospital-acquired infection (HAI). The research aims to evaluate the risk factors of hospital acquired infection and its impact on the prognosis of patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 401 patients with brain injury who were hospitalized for rehabilitation treatment from January 2019 to December 2021 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. The patients were divided into two groups: HAI group and non-infected group. The characteristics of the two groups were compared by univariate and multivariate analysis, while the risk factors of HAI were analyzed. Also, the influence of HAI on the prognosis of the patients was evaluated via the indexes of length of hospital stay, neurological function, and life index of the patients. Results There were 53 patients with HAI, mean age (56.68±16.29) years and 348 patients with none-hospital acquired infection, mean age (48.06±16.19) years. Univariate regression analysis showed that the indicates with age >65 years old, male, heart disease, renal dysfunction, diabetes, tracheotomy, mechanical ventilation, and antimicrobial therapy had significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis suggested that age >65 years old, tracheotomy and mechanical ventilation were risk factors for hospital-acquired infected patients with brain injury after rehabilitation. The hospital stay of patients with HAI was slightly longer, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05) with non-infection group. Neurological impairment, Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) and modified Rankin scale (mRS) of HAI group were higher than those non-infected group, and there exsit a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).