认知风格的差异与语言学习策略训练

个体差异、尤其是认知风格的差异是影响第二语言习得的一个重要因素。按不同的学习者,存在不同的四组认知风格特征,教师应采取相应的不同策略进行培训:(1)场依存者由于易受外部因素影响,教师应加强情感策略训练;对于场独立者,则应进行元认知策略的训练。(2)慎思型学习者,教师对其错误应采取包容的态度;对冲动型学习者,应把准确性的训练放在首位。(3)聚合型学习者,教师要着重培养其求异和创新能力;发散型学习者,则应创造条件,激发他们的兴趣和灵感。(4)听觉型—视觉型—动觉型—触觉型学习者,训练策略应是充分发挥各自的认知优势,因势利导。

Different Cognitive Styles and Strategy Training

Learner's individual difference,esp.the difference of cognitive style is a very important factor that has an impact on foreign language learning.On the basis of illustrating the traits of learners' different cognitive styles,the author puts forward some suggestions in the course of strategy training according to learners' different cognitive styles:(1) For the field dependence,we should focus on affective strategy training;while for the field independence,we emphasize their meta-cognitive strategy training;(2) For the reflectivity,we must have the tolerance for ambiguity;on the contrary,for the impulsivity,cultivating the accuracy is most important;(3) For the convergent,we should develop their association and creation;while for the divergent,we should stimulate their interest and inspiration;(4) For the auditory,visual,kinesthetic and tactile,we should take full advantage of different cognitive styles.