石油钻机井架载荷谱的编制

载荷谱是进行机械结构强度试验和疲劳损伤研究的重要依据,而井架本身承受随时间变化的动载荷作用,加之各钻井工况承载变化不一,建立符合钻井实际的载荷时间历程成为进行瞬态分析和疲劳损伤研究的需要。通过实测钻机井架在钻探过程的大钩载荷,运用极值统计分析方法,建立最大载荷概率分布模型,运用疲劳载荷谱的编制方法,完成了井架正常钻探时的载荷时间历程的编制,并获得了可用于试验加载的程序载荷谱。编制的程序载荷谱包含了所有钻探作业工况,反映了井架真实承载环境,可用于钻机井架的瞬态分析和疲劳损伤研究,并大大简化了计算过程,提高了井架动力分析的可靠性。

Load Spectrum Compiling of Oil Drilling Derrick

Measuring the hook load on oil drilling derrick in drilling process, considering the stochastic load property and making use of the extremum statistic method, the probability distribution model of load maxima is established, and the load time histories are compited by using the method just like that of compiling fatigue load spectrum. The compiled programmed spectra for loading in experiment are then obtained, which include all working conditions in the whole drilling process and reflect the real load environment. The programmed spectra can be applied to transient analysis and fatigue damage detection, and moreover, predigest the calculation and improve the reliability of the dynamic analysis of oil derrick.