二甲醚水蒸气重整制氢催化剂的研究进展

高品质氢气的在线稳定供给是质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）商业化的瓶颈和亟待解决的关键问题，以二甲醚为原料经水蒸气重整制取氢气是近中期最为现实和有效的氢源供给方案之一。本文总结和评述了近期二甲醚水蒸气重整制氢催化剂的研究进展，主要集中在固体酸催化剂中氧化铝和HZSM-5分子筛酸强度、酸类型以及结构的调变对性能的影响，同时对金属催化剂特别是Pd基贵金属催化剂和Zn基催化剂的研究现状、整体式催化剂以及催化剂的失活与再生的相关研究进行了重点介绍。根据对相关研究结果的总结，提出今后该领域的重要研究方向为：开发新型In₂O₃催化剂；构建具有多级孔、纳米结构的催化剂体系；创制具有特殊结构的催化剂（以多级孔分子筛/氧化铝为核，连续无缺陷的金属催化剂为壳）。

Research progress of the catalysts for hydrogen production by dimethyl ether steam reforming

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is considered as an ideal power source for fuel cell vehicles. However, challenges still exist for the commercialization of PEMFC, in which the supply of stable and high quality hydrogen source is the main one. The production of hydrogen by dimethyl ether steam reforming is one of the most realistic and effective solutions for hydrogen supply in the near future. The present work provides review on the progress of the catalysts for hydrogen production through dimethyl ether steam reforming, and the focus is on the modification of acid strength, acid type and structure of alumina and HZSM-5 zeolite, and the research status of Pd based noble metal catalysts and Zn based catalysts. Furthermore, related research on monolithic catalyst, and the deactivation and regeneration of catalyst are also reviewed. It is pointed out that developing the In₂O₃ catalyst; constructing of catalysts with hierarchical/nanosized structure, creating catalysts with special structure (the hierarchical zeolite/alumina core catalyst enwrapped by one layer of defect-free metallic catalyst shell), may be the future directions of dimethyl ether steam reforming.