单快拍数据的分布式二维阵列测角方法研究

该文针对2维阵列波达方向估计问题，提出一种基于单快拍数据的分布式2维DOA估计算法。该算法首先利用每个子阵单元的单快拍数据进行2维Hankle矩阵构造；然后基于2维状态空间平衡法分别获得方位角和俯仰角子阵单元内DOA估计与子阵单元间DOA估计；最后通过解模糊算法获得方位角和俯仰角高精度无模糊DOA估计。该算法较好地解决了子阵单元内DOA估计和子阵单元间DOA估计之间的配对问题以及俯仰角和方位角之间配对问题，充分利用分布式阵列扩展阵列物理孔径特性；同时该算法可直接对相干信号和非相干信号进行处理。计算机仿真结果验证了所提算法的有效性。

2-D DOA Estimation of Distributed Array with Single Snapshot

An algorithm of Direction Of Arrival (DOA) estimation based on the single-snapshot data is proposed for distributed Two-Dimensional (2-D) array. 2-D Hankle matrixes are firstly constructed using the single observation of every subarray element. Then angles of azimuth and elevation for different baselines based on the distributed 2-D array are estimated using 2-D state space balance method. Finally, high accuracy and unambiguous angles of azimuth and elevation are obtained through the solution of fuzzy algorithm. The matching problem of the DOA estimation about different baselines and the pairing problem between azimuth and elevation are well solved by the proposed algorithm, therefore the characteristic of large aperture is acquired using the distributed array. At the same time, this algorithm can deal with the correlation signals and uncorrelation signals. Computer simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.