碳酸二丙酯的绿色合成及其与DMC相平衡数据测定

用碳酸二甲酯(DMC)与正丙醇(n-PrOH)酯交换反应合成了碳酸二丙酯(DPC),考察了催化剂种类、物料摩尔比、催化剂用量、温度和时间等因素对反应的影响。结果表明,碳酸钾(K2CO3)具有较好的催化活性和选择性,反应最佳工艺条件为:常压,反应温度95℃,n(n-PrOH)∶n(DMC)=3∶1,w(K2CO3)=1%,反应时间5 h,DMC转化率95.9%,DPC产率73.7%。优化条件下的重复实验表明,该反应易于控制,重复性好。测定了常压下DPC和DMC的气液相平衡数据,结果表明,在常压下DPC和DMC二元物系不形成共沸物。

Green Synthesis of Dipropyl Carbonate and Determination of Vapor-liquid Equilibrium Data of Dipropyl Carbonate and Dimethyl Carbonate

A transesterification process for the synthesis of dipropyl carbonate from dimethyl carbonate and n-propanol was studied.The influences of variaus kinds of catalysts,the ratio of reactants,the dosage of catalyst,the reaction temperature and the reaction time were investigated.Results showed that potassium carbonate(K2CO3) exhibited a high activity and a selectivity for transesterification reaction.The optimum conditions were obtained as follows:ambient pressure,reaction temperature 95 ℃,n(n-PrOH)∶n(DMC)=3∶1,w(K2CO3)=1%,reaction time 5 h.DMC conversion of 95.9% and DPC yield of 73.7% were obtained under the optimum conditions.The duplicate experiments showed that the technology had a good repeatability under the above optimum conditions.The isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium data for the binary system of DMC and DPC was determined by using a vapor-liquid equilibrium still.The result showed that an azeotrope didn′t exist.