基于因子分析定权法的中国制造业技术创新能力研究

本文在建立中国制造业技术创新能力的评价指标体系的基础上,运用因子分析定权法,确定各评价指标的权重,然后对中国制造业中的37个行业在各指标上的值进行加权求和,从而得到对中国制造业技术创新能力的评价结果。研究结果表明,科研经费投入强度和科技活动经费投入强度是影响我国制造业技术创新能力的两个最重要的因素。在我国制造业的37个行业中,医药制造业的技术创新能力最强;排在第2到5位的依次是交通运输设备制造业、电气机械及器材制造业、通用设备制造业、专用设备制造业,以及通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业;技术创新能力最差的5个行业依次是家具制造业、黑色金属矿采选业、农副食品加工业、皮革、毛皮、羽毛(绒)及其制品业,以及电力、热力的生产和供应业。

Research on Technological Innovation Capabilities of Chinese Manufacturing Industries Based on Factor Analysis Rating Method

In this paper,the index system to evaluate Chinese manufacturing industries' technological innovation capability is set up.And then,factor analysis rating method is used to get the weighting rates for each index.Finally,the values of 37 manufacturing industries on the evaluation index system are put into computing,and the evaluation results of Chinese manufacturing industries' technological capability are formed.The results indicate that both the input of research and developing and the input in science & technological activities are the most important factors to influence the technological innovation capability of Chinese manufacturing industries.Among 37 manufacturing industries,the technological innovation capability of manufacture of medicines is the best,while the 2 rd to the 5th are manufacture of transport equipment,manufacture of electrical machinery and equipment,manufacture of general purpose machinery,manufacture of special purpose machinery,and manufacture of communication, computer,and other electrical equipment.The industries whose technological innovation capability is the worst are manufacture of furniture,mining of ferrous metal ores,processing of food from agricultural products,manufacture of leathers,fur,feather,and their products,and production and supply of electric power and heat power.