不同洗涤方法对黄瓜中有机磷农药的去除效果

目的比较清水、淘米水、淡盐水和洗洁精水溶液浸洗2～15 min对黄瓜中有机磷农药甲胺磷和乐果的去除效果.方法采用超声波萃取和气相色谱-火焰光度检测法测定黄瓜中的有机磷农药残留.结果清水、淘米水、淡盐水和洗洁精水溶液浸泡2～15 min后,黄瓜中甲胺磷和乐果的平均去除率分别为66%～22.4%和67.7%～79.6%.4种洗涤方法均可降低蔬菜瓜果中有机磷农药残留量,但不可能完全避免农药残留的危害,清水浸泡2～5 min对去除黄瓜中甲胺磷和乐果残留的最高去除率接近70%.洗涤2、5、10、15min后,甲胺磷和乐果去除率变化无规律.结论清水、淘米水、淡盐水和洗洁精水溶液浸洗2～15min仍未能彻底去除黄瓜中的有机磷农药残留,随浸洗时间的延长,甲胺磷和乐果残留的去除效果无明显变化.建议采用清水浸泡2～5 min的方法清洗蔬菜瓜果.

Comparative Research on Removing Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues From Cucumber With Different Soak Water

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of different wash methods for removing organophosphorus pesticide residues from cucumber. Methods The cucumber samples were soaked with tap water, washed rice water, salt solution and detergent solution respectively for 2 to 15 minutes then organophosphorus pesticide residues in the soak water samples were determined with ultrasonic extraction and gas chromatography. Results Soaked in tap water for 2 to 5 minutes was the most effective and convenient way to remove methamidophos and dimethoate with the highest removing rate (about 70%). Conclusion Soaked with tap water for 2 to 5 minutes is more efficient for removing organophosphorus pesticide residues from vegetable.