聚焦石墨烯宏观体的制备技术和应用前景:一维、二维、三维组装结构

独特的二维结构和优异的理化性能使得石墨烯迅速成为物理、化学以及材料等领域的研究热点。近年来,由二维结构的石墨烯组装形成的石墨烯宏观体材料,因具有本征石墨烯固有的理化性能又具有较大实际比表面积、连通的纳米通道以及良好的力学性能,使其在光学器件、电子器件以及环境治理等领域备受关注。结合当前研究热点,主要概述了石墨烯宏观体的制备及其在超级电容器、光电器件以及环境修复与治理等领域中的应用,简要地评述了石墨烯宏观体材料在制备及应用中面临的挑战,初步指出了未来石墨烯宏观体的发展趋势。

Preparations and Applications of Graphene Macroforms:One-dimensional, Two-dimensional and Three-dimensional Structures

Due to the unique two-dimensional structure and excellent physical and chemical properties,gra-phene has been a hot topic widely studied in physics,chemistry,materials and other fields.As the macroscopic gra-phene assemblies derived from the two-dimensional graphene,graphene macroforms not only inherit excellent physical and chemical properties of 2D graphene but also exhibit huge specific surface areas,good nanochannel connectivity and high mechanical strength.Therefore,they attract a lot of attentions in the field of optics,electronics,and environ-mental protection.Focusing on this current research hot topic,the paper provides a review in the preparation of gra-phene macroforms and their advances in supercapacitors,optoelectronic devices,and environmental restorations and managements.Besides,the current challenges and future perspectives in their preparations and applications are also briefly outlined.