噬菌体编码的金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A的 研究进展

金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)是一种人畜共患的食源性致病菌,并且能够产生不同种类的毒素,其中金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素(staphylococcal enterotoxin,SE)是引起食物中毒的一类主要毒素。金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A(staphylococcal enterotoxin A,SEA)在食物中毒事件中的检出率最高,毒性最强,成为目前研究的热点。编码金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A的基因sea是由噬菌体携带并在菌体之间传播的。本研究主要综述了编码SEA的噬菌体与SEA之间的关系、SEA的分类、在不同的食品基质中环境因子对SEA产生量、sea基因相对表达量的影响及SEA新型的检测方法等,并介绍了目前金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素研究的难点及研究方向的分析。

Review on phage-encoded enterotoxin A in Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacteria that can infect both human and animals. It can produce several toxins in which the enterotoxins play a key role on food intoxication. Due to staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) is the toxin most frequently detected in food poisoning and it is the strongest virulence in staphylococcal enterotoxins, it has hit a hot point in study. Gene sea, encoding SEA, is carried on the bacterial genome by a polymorphic family of temperate bacteriophages. This review summarizes the relationship between prophage and SEA, the classification and new test methods of SEA, and the environmental factors effect on SEA production and sea expression in different food environments. In addition, the review introduces some difficult points on researches of staphylococcal enterotoxins, which could be done in future.