海南文昌鸡源抑菌乳酸菌的筛选鉴定

为获取具有抑菌活性的海南文昌鸡源乳酸菌，笔者以海南文昌鸡的肠道粘膜及内容物为样品分离乳酸菌。通过菌株形态观察，革兰氏染色镜检、过氧化氢试验和16S rRNA基因序列测序鉴定乳酸菌；而后利用乳酸菌对酸和胆盐的耐受性及其抑菌试验从中筛选出热带动物肠道源抑菌乳酸菌。本研究共获得17株乳酸菌，分别为13株植物乳杆菌和4株粪肠球菌，其中植物乳杆菌对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌均有较高抑制作用，有一定耐酸耐胆盐的能力；粪肠球菌抑菌效果均较差。研究结果表明，筛选获得的海南文昌鸡源植物乳杆菌S4-1综合抑菌效果较好，可用于畜禽肠道益生菌制剂开发的后续研究。

Screening and identification of lactic acid bacteria with bacteriostatic activity from Wenchang Chicken in Hainan

Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the intestinal mucosa and contents of Wenchang Chicken in Hainan to obtain the strains of lactic acid bacteria with bacteriostatic activity. The isolates were determined and identified by morphological observation, Gram staining, hydrogen peroxide test, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and their acid and bile tolerance were tested by using the acid tolerance test and the bile salt tolerance test to screen the lactic acid bacteria with bacteriostatic activity from the intestinal tracts of tropical animals. A total of 17 strains of lactic acid bacteria were selected from the isolates, including 13 strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and 4 strains of Enterococcus faecalis. Of the 17 strains isolated, the strains of L. plantarum showed a high inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, and had some tolerance to acid and bile, while the strains of Enterococcus faecalis had low bacteriostatic effect. Comprehensive evaluation showed that the strain S4-1 of L. plantarum showed a higher bacteriostatic effect. The strain S4-1 of L. plantarum isolated from Wenchang Chicken in Hainan can hence be used as a follow-up study for the development of probiotic preparations for livestock intestines.