小麦遗传背景对普通小麦×6x小簇麦杂种F_1减数分裂行为的影响及育性

利用普通小麦与6x小簇麦杂交转移簇毛麦有利基因的过程中，发现由小麦品系J－11为亲本的杂种F1花粉具有高可育的特性，研究结果表明，它可能是由小麦品系J－11核基因组上所携带的基因与簇毛麦染色体相互作用影响杂种F1减数分裂四分体时期的行为而形成的，导致其花粉育性及结实性的增高和外源染色体传递行为的不同。结果指出了可能存在一类影响远缘杂种减数分裂四分体时期行为的新基因，这种基因与外源染色体的相互作用对控制远缘杂种结实性及其外源基因的转移具有重要意义。

Effect of Wheat Background on the Meiotic Behavior and Fertility of F_1 Hybrid Between Common Wheat and 6x T. durum-D. villosum Amphiploid

When T. durum- D. villosum amphiploid was used as a bridge for transferring germplasm of D. villosum and was crossed with different bread wheat varieties(or lines). The pollen fertility and seed set of different F1 hybrids varied greatly. The pollen of F1 hybrid in which wheat line J-11 was used as one parent showed semifertile, while the other F1 hybrids were highly sterile. Observation on the meiotic proceeding showed differences were existed in tetriad stage in different F1 hybrids.These results inferred a gene carried on chromosome of wheat line J- 11, interacted with the genome of D. villosum controlled the meiotic behavior of F1 hybrid. A possibility to research the genetic control of meiosis in wide hybrid and the significance for wheat improvement were also suggested.