超深层断控缝洞型油藏油井合理产能优化方法及应用

为优化超深层断控缝洞型油藏油井合理产能，以塔里木盆地FQ油田为例，分析其地质和开发特征，利用产能试井法、嘴流法和油藏数值模拟法，对油井合理产能进行优化。结果表明，超深层断控缝洞型油藏一次采油可分为初期、中期和后期3个阶段，不同阶段开发特征差异显著。FQ油田超深层断控缝洞型油藏产能试井曲线存在下凸型、直线型、上翘型和台阶型4类，其中，下凸型曲线油井合理产能取曲线拐点处对应产能；直线型和上翘型曲线油井合理产能均取最大测试产能，但需继续扩大油嘴测试产能，直至曲线出现拐点；台阶型曲线油井合理产能取台阶后最大测试产能。嘴流法优化油井合理产能取嘴流曲线拐点对应产能。油藏数值模拟法适用于一次采油中期和后期油井合理产能优化，通过优化油井见水时间、累计产油量、采收率等关键指标，确定油井合理产能。

Reasonable Productivity Optimization Methods and Application in Ultra-Deep Fault-Controlled Fractured-Vuggy Reservoirs

In this paper，the geological and development characteristics in the FQ oilfield in the Tarim basin were analyzed，and then the productivity test method，nozzle flow method and reservoir numerical simulation method were developed to optimize the reasonable productivity in ultra-deep fault-controlled fractured-vuggy reservoirs. The results show that the primary oil recovery of ultra-deep fault-controlled fractured-vuggy reservoirs can be divided into early stage，middle stage and late stage，which differ greatly in development characteristics. The ultra-deep fault-controlled fractured-vuggy reservoirs in the FQ oilfield exhibit four types of productivity test curves: convex，linear，upturned and stepped. For wells showing the convex curves，the productivity at the inflection of the curves is the reasonable productivity. For wells showing the linear and upturned curves，the maximum test productivity is the reasonable productivity，but the nozzle testing productivity needs to be continuously expanded until the inflection of the curves appears. For wells following the stepped curves，the maximum test productivity after reaching the step will be the reasonable productivity. When the well productivity is optimized by the nozzle flow method，the productivity at the inflection of the nozzle flow curves is the reasonable productivity. The reservoir numerical simulation method is suitable for optimizing the well productivity in the middle and late stages of primary oil recovery，that is，the reasonable productivity is determined by optimizing the key indicators such as water breakthrough time，cumulative oil production，and recovery rate.