基于GIS的兰州市大气污染空间分析

基于GIS空间分析与插值技术,对兰州市大气污染具有代表季节的冬季大气污染的空间分布特征进行了研究。应用1999-2000年冬季地面观察站实测资料,使用Surfer软件插值方法绘制等值线图,与行政图进行叠置分析。研究了兰州市SO2,TSP等几种大气污染物的空间分布特征与污染源的内在关系,并且结合国家环境空气质量标准中各项污染物的浓度限值,分别对上述污染物的污染强度进行了区域划分。地面实测表明,兰州市大气污染程度最重的冬季TSP对大气污染的贡献程度超过了SO2;应用空间插值与叠加分析表明,兰州市城区SO2与TSP污染强度的分布格局与污染源分布基本一致。研究证明使用GIS空间分析技术可以很好的揭示出西北高原典型盆地地貌型城市大气污染物空间扩散与分布的特征。

Analyzing on air pollution spatial distribution of Lanzhou using GIS

Based on technology of analyzing and interpolation of GIS,the research study spatial distribution of air-pollution of Lanzhou in winter.In the study,data derived from observation stations dated from 1999 to 2000 in winter,were interpolated by Surfer software to draw isoline map,and the map was overlaid with the administration map in GIS.Then we studied relation between resource and distribution of SO_2 and TSP in Lanzhou.Referring to the state air quality standard,distribution of pollution intensity of the above pollutants was regionalized.The study concluded that in winter,pollution intensity was more serious than the other seasons and contribution ratio by TSP is larger than SO_2.It is coincident with distribution of resources that distribution pattern of pollution intensity of SO_2 and TSP in the city zone.The study proved that spatial analyzing technology can be nice to display dispersed and distributed characteristic of pollutants in the city located in plateau of typical basin landform.