木棉和蚕丝纤维在棉混纺纱中的径向分布规律

蚕丝和木棉纤维都属天然纤维，其与棉纤维进行混纺的产品越来越多。木棉纤维为高度中空结构，在混纺中很容易被压扁；蚕丝是天然纤维，生丝的线密度参差不齐。因此，要想知道木棉和蚕丝在棉混纺纱中的分布，传统方法已不适用。采用Photoshop图像处理技术中的像素法测量混纺纱横截面中各种纤维的面积，使计算木棉和蚕丝纤维的转移指数成为可能。该法还有可能用于快速测试分析木棉/棉混纺比或棉/粘等目前难以测试的混纺比。测试发现：(1)在与棉及棉型粘胶纤维混纺时，木棉纤维向纱表层转移的趋势明显。木棉纤维的汉密尔顿转移指数在20%左右，纱表层木棉纤维所占的百分比远大于纱线混纺比，这是木棉纤维偏短、表面光滑、柔软等性能联合作用的结果；(2)在木棉/粘胶/棉混纺纱中，粘胶纤维向纱芯转移的趋势最强；(3)混纺纱中，木棉纤维有成束现象，纱表层的木棉纤维保持较高的中空度，木棉自身具有回复中空的“潜能”；(4)在棉丝混纺纱中，蚕丝纤维向外转移的趋势明显，纱表层的蚕丝纤维百分率大于纱线混纺比。

The Distribution of Kapok and Silk Fibers in Cotton Blended Yarns

Silk and kapok fibers are used more and more widely in cotton blended yarns. Howev-er, because kapok fibers are compressed in blended yarns and the linear density of silk is uneven, tra-ditional methods can’ t be used to test the distribution of them. Using Photoshop pixel method to meas-ure area of different fibers in yarn cross-sections makes that possible. It may also be used to quickly test kapok/cotton or cotton/viscose blending ratio. It shows:(1) When blended with cotton and cotton type viscose fibers, kapok fibers migrate to yarn surface obviously and the percentage of kapok fiber in yarn surface is far greater than the average blending ratio;(2) In kapok/viscose/cotton blended yarns, viscose fibers migrate to yarn core with the strongest trend. In blended yarns, kapok fibers have bun-dles phenomenon. Kapok fibers in yarn surface keep higher hollow degree. Kapok fibers have hollow reply potential;(3) In silk/cotton blended yarns, silk fibers migrate to yarn surface with the strongest trend and the percentage of silk fiber in the yarn surface is greater than the yarn blending ratio.