武汉地区6～17岁儿童青少年身高、体重及体质指数的分析

目的:研究武汉地区6～17岁儿童青少年身高、体重及体质指数的分布特征。方法:采用整群系统抽样的方法抽取武汉市区及周边农村中小学学生共4 153名,测量身高体重并计算体质指数,分析一般身体形态生长各项指标的年龄性别分布特点,通过两样本t检验分析各年龄组身体形态生长各项指标的性别和城乡差异。结果:武汉地区6～17岁儿童青少年生长发育符合一般规律,身体形态各项指标均值随年龄的增长而增长,城乡和性别之间差异性显著(P<0.05)。女生相对于男生,城市学生相对于农村学生,青春期有提前和缩短的趋势。结论:基于不同年龄组学生身高、体重和体质指数男女及城乡差异,教育工作者应把重点放在青春期和农村。

Analysis on body height,body weight,and body mass index in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years old in Wuhan area

Objective:To research the distribution characteristics of body height,body weight,and body mass index(BMI) in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years old in Wuhan area. Methods:Cluster sampling method was used to select 4 153 middle school students and elementary school students from rural area and urban area of Wuhan city,their body height and body weight were measured,BMI was calculated;the age and gender distribution characteristics of general body,shape,and growth were analyzed;t test was used to analyze the gender and urban-rural differences of various indexes in different age groups. Results:The growth and development of the children and adolescents in Wuhan area were in accordance with the regular rules,the mean values of various indexes of body shape increased with age,there was statistically significant difference between urban area and rural area,as well as between boys and girls(P<0.05).Compared with boys and rural students,the puberty showed a tendency of advance and shortening in girls and urban students. Conclusion:The educators should lay stress on puberty and rural area based on the gender and urban-rural differences of body height,body weight,and BMI in students in different age groups.