进境美国高粱截获杂草种子现状分析

【目的】近年来,美国高粱开始大量进入我国,其携带的杂草种子状况尚未有相关研究。通过对进境美国高粱携带的杂草种子现状进行分析,可为出入境检验检疫机构的检疫监管和后续监测提供依据。【方法】通过对2014—2016年进境美国高粱截获的杂草种子的研究,了解其携带的杂草种子状况。【结果】黄埔检验检疫局和南沙检验检疫局从进境的美国高粱中截获的杂草种子种类共涉及19个科106种。主要包括禾本科27种、菊科14种、大戟科3种、茄科2种、苋科15种、豆科10种、蓼科7种、锦葵科4种、旋花科7种、十字花科4种、藜科4种等,其中检疫性杂草共涉及5科25种,检出率高。【结论】美国高粱携带的杂草种子数量大,种类丰富,检疫性杂草含量大,应予以高度重视。

Analysis of the present situation of intercepted weed seeds from American sorghum

Aim] In recent years, American sorghum has been imported into China in large quantities, but there is no research about seeds of weeds carried with the American sorghum. According to analysis of the intercepted seeds from American sorghum containers we can provide evidence for the need of quarantine and follow-up supervision of CIQ.Method] Through the study of seeds intercepted in imported American sorghum from 2014 to 2016, their status as weeds were recorded.Result] A total of 106 species of weeds belonging to 19 families were intercepted from the imported American sorghum by Huangpu Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau and Nansha Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau. The list included Gramineae (27 species), Asteraceae (14 species), Euphorbiaceae (3 species), Solanaceae (2 species), Amaranthaceae (15 species), Leguminosae (10 species), Polygonaceae (7 species), Malvaceae(4 species), Convolvulaceae (7 species), Brassicaceae (4 species) and Chenopodiaceae (4 species), From these, 25 species of quarantine weeds belonging to 5 families were present in high abundance.Conclusion] American sorghum carried a great deal of seeds of weeds from diverse species, many of them being quarantine weeds. Therefore, more attention to these imports should be paid to strengthen the quarantine process and monitoring of American sorghum to prevent weed introduction into China and protect the environment.