重点生态功能区农户对生态系统服务的感知——以甘南高原为例

农户作为重点生态功能区的主要经济活动主体,其对生态系统服务的感知直接影响着环境行为,这不仅关系到生态保护计划的执行效果,更关系到该区主体功能的发挥。以地处青藏高原东缘的甘南高原为例,基于入户调查数据,分析了农户对草地、森林、湿地、农田生态系统服务的感知,并运用多元线性回归模型分析了影响农户生态系统服务感知的关键因素。结果表明:(1)甘南高原农户对森林、草地、农田、湿地生态系统服务的多样化感知依次减弱,其中,半农半牧区农户对各类生态系统服务的多样化感知强于农牧区;(2)农户对森林、草地、农田、湿地生态系统服务重要性、可管理性、脆弱性、损害度的感知度依次降低,且不同区域农户的属性感知存在差异;(3)个体特征、家庭特征是影响农户生态系统服务多样化感知的重要因素,个体特征、家庭特征、环境政策是影响农户生态系统服务属性感知的重要因素。

Farmers' perception of ecosystem services in the key ecological functional areas: a case of the Gannan Plateau

As the main economic activity subjects in the key ecological function area, the farmers'' perception of ecosystem services directly affects their environmental behavior, and is related to the performance of the main functions and the implementation effectiveness of the protection plans. Taking the Gannan Plateau, located in the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, as a case study area and based on the household survey data, this paper analyzed the farmers'' perception of the ecosystem services of grassland, forest, wetland, and farmland. We also analyzed the factors affecting the farmers'' perception of ecosystem services by the orderly multiple linear regression model. The results showed that: (1) the diversified perception of farmers on forest, grassland, farmland, and wetland ecosystem services in Gannan Plateau was weakened in turn, among which the diversified perception of farmers in planting-pasturing area was stronger than that in the planting and pastoral areas. (2) The farmers'' perception of the importance, manageability, vulnerability, and damage of forest, grassland, farmland, and wetland ecosystem services decreased successively, and the attribute perception of farmers in different regions was different. (3) The individual and family characteristics were important factors affecting the farmers'' diversified perception of ecosystem services. The individual and family characteristics, environmental policies are important factors affecting the farmers'' perception of ecosystem service attributes.