孕期个性化营养干预对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇糖脂水平及妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨孕期个性化营养干预对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇糖脂水平及妊娠结局的影响。方法:选择2016年8月-2017年10月期间于我院产检的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇160例,以随机数字表法分为研究组(n=80)和对照组(n=80)。对照组给予常规营养干预,研究组则予以孕期个性化营养干预。比较两组干预前后空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密低脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,观察孕妇及新生儿并发症发生情况。结果:干预后两组孕妇空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖显著降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。干预后对照组孕妇TC、TG、LDL-C较干预前显著升高(P0.05),HDL-C差异无统计学意义(P0.05),研究组血脂水平与干预前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),与对照组比较,研究组孕妇TC、TG、LDL-C水平更低(P0.05)。研究组妊娠期高血压、胎膜早破发生率均明显低于对照组(P0.05),两组感染、产后出血发生率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。与对照组比较,研究组新生儿窘迫、巨大儿、新生儿低血糖、早产儿的发生率降低(P0.05)。结论:孕期个性化营养干预可有效改善妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的糖脂水平,且能够有效降低并发症发生率,从而改善妊娠结局。

Effect of Individualized Nutrition Intervention During Pregnancy on Glycolipid Level and Pregnancy Outcome in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effect of individualized nutrition intervention during pregnancy on glycolipid level and pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Methods: 160 pregnant women with gestational diabetes in our hospital from August 2016 to October 2017 were selected, they were divided into the study group (n=80) and the control group (n=80) by the ran- dom digital table method. The control group was given routine nutrition intervention, and the study group was given individual nutrition intervention during pregnancy. The fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2 h blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), three triglyceride (TG), high-density low-fat cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were compared between the two groups be- fore and after intervention, the complications of pregnant women and newborns were observed. Results: The fasting blood glucose and postprandial 2 h blood sugar decreased significantly in the two groups after intervention, and the study group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The TC, TG and LDL-C of the control group after intervention were significantly higher than before intervention (P<0.05), there was no significant difference in HDL-C (P>0.05), there was no significant difference between the lipid levels in the study group before intervention (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the TC, TG and LDL-C of the study group were significantly lower (P<0.05). The incidences of hypertension and premature rupture of fetal membranes in the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of infection and postpartum hemorrhage between the two groups(P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the incidence of neonatal distress, macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, pre- mature infants in the study group were significantly lower (P<0.05). Conclusion: Individualized nutrition intervention during pregnancy can effectively improve the glycolipid level of pregnant women with gestational diabetes, and effectively reduce the incidence of compli- cations and improve the pregnancy outcome.