西部师范类大学生需要特点的调查研究

以《大学生需要结构调查问卷》为调查工具,对西部六所师范院校410名在校大学生需要特征进行调查。结果发现,优势需要倾向依次为知识能力需要、友情需要、自立需要、心理素质需要;非优势需要倾向依次为求援需要、奉献需要、权利需要和性需要;西部师范类大学生需要层次在性别、年级自变量呈显著正相关;师范类大学生实际优势需要倾向与教育工作者的评价结果出现显著差异。基于上述研究,对目前师范教育的教学管理提出三条针对性建议：一是全面了解西部师范类大学生需要结构,及时调整自我认知,促进其心理健康发展;二是关注西部师范类大学生需要的个体差异,加强教育针对性;三是深入研究西部师范类大学生的奉献意识,加强道德和社会责任教育。

On the Investigation to the Needs of the Normal College Students in the Western Region

As a force of basic education in the westem, the social needs and values of the normal college students not only involve their own healthy growth and educational management, but also directly affect the quality of educa- show the dominant need in turn to knowledge capacity, friendship, independence and psychological needs; and the non -dominant need in turn to for help, dedication, rights and sexual needs. Further correlation analysis shows there are some significantly differences in grades and genders, as well as some significantly differences between the actual need of college students and the appraisal of college students＇need from educators subjective understanding. Practical implications for educational management campaigns are also discussed.