2021年株洲市某综合三甲医院医院感染横断面 调查研究

目的 了解2021年株洲市某综合三甲医院医院感染现患情况，评估医院感染防控措施。方法 采用医院感染横断面调查方法对株洲市某综合三甲医院2021年11月2日0:00~24:00所有住院患者进行调查。结果 本次调查应查病例数2508例，实查病例数2508例，实查率100.00%，医院感染现患率为3.55%（89/2508）；医院感染现患率较高的科室为神经外一科（30.77%）和重症监护病房（25.00%）；医院感染以下呼吸道感染为主（73.63%）；引起医院感染的病原体中肺炎克雷伯菌最多（22.22%），导致下呼吸道感染的主要致病菌为肺炎克雷伯菌，其次为铜绿假单胞菌；抗生素使用率为32.50%，接受抗生素治疗的住院患者，抗生素使用前病原学送检率为82.61%。结论 该院住院患者的医院感染现患率符合国家规定的医院感染现患率调查规范要求，但高于日常医院感染率监测水平，提示医务人员依然存在医院感染漏报情况，需采取相应措施提高医院感染上报情况。

Cross-sectional survey of nosocomial infection in a comprehensive Grade A hospital in Zhuzhou in 2021

Objective To understand the current situation of nosocomial infection in a comprehensive Grade A hospital in Zhuzhou in 2021, and to evaluate the prevention and control measures of nosocomial infection. Methods A cross-sectional survey of nosocomial infection was conducted among all hospitalized patients from 0:00 to 24:00 of November 2, 2021 in a comprehensive Grade A hospital in Zhuzhou. Results In this survey, 2508 patients should be examined and 2508 patients were actually examined, with a solid detection rate of 100.00%. The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 3.55% (89/2508). The departments with high prevalence rate of nosocomial infection were first department of neurosurgery (30.77%) and intensive care unit (25.00%). Nosocomial infection was mainly caused by lower respiratory tract infection (73.63%). Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common pathogen causing nosocomial infection (22.22%). The main pathogen causing lower respiratory tract infection was Klebsiella pneumoniae, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The utilization rate of antibiotics was 32.50%, and the rate of pathogen detection before antibiotic use was 82.61% in hospitalized patients receiving antibiotic treatment. Conclusion The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection of inpatients in this hospital is in line with the investigation standard requirements of nosocomial infection rate stipulated by the state, but it is higher than the daily nosocomial infection monitoring level, suggesting that there are still under-reporting of nosocomial infection among medical staff, and corresponding measures should be taken to improve the reporting of nosocomial infection.