2010年深圳市丙型病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查

目的 了解深圳市居民丙型肝炎病毒抗体的流行状况,为丙型病毒性肝炎防控工作提供科学依据.方法 采取多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,于2010年在深圳市抽取2个行政区,调查1 ～59岁各年龄组自然人群共3 771人.并采集静脉血,用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测血清抗丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)；同时,对2005-2010年深圳市丙型病毒性肝炎病例报告情况进行了分析.结果 深圳市居民HCV总感染率为0.53％；40岁及以上年龄组抗-HCV阳性率为1.00％,40岁以下年龄组抗-HCV阳性率为0.38％,两组间抗-HCV阳性率差异有统计学意义(x2=4.92,P=0.027)；不同职业人群中以农民的抗-HCV阳性率(1.89％)最高；不同文化人群中文盲人群的丙型病毒性肝炎感染率(1.92％)最高,不同文化程度人群抗-HCV阳性率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；深圳市丙型病毒性肝炎发病率逐年上升,新发病例数在2010年首次超过乙型病毒性肝炎,居病毒性肝炎首位.结论 丙型病毒性肝炎感染已成为深圳市日益严重的公共卫生问题.加强健康教育是目前预防丙型病毒性肝炎的主要措施.

The seroepidemiological study on hepatitis C virus infection among general population in Shenzhen City

Objective To investigate the serological prevalence of viral hepatitis C among general population in Shenzhen City and to provide evidence for local prevention and control of hepatitis C.Methods A multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to select study subjects aged 1-59 years from general population in Shenzhen.Each subject was personally face-to-face interviewed by trained interviewers,with a pretested questionnaire to obtain information on demographic data and related risk factors.After the interview,5 ml venous blood sample was collected from each subject for detecting antibodies to hepatitis C virus（HCV） infection,with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） kits.At the same time,We also analysed the data about the HCV cases reporting from 2005 to 2010 in Shenzhen City.Results The crude prevalence of anti-HCV was 0.53% among general population in Shenzhen,and the anti-HCV prevalence in the ≥40 age group（1.00%） was higher than in 〈40 age group（0.38%）（χ2=4.92,P=0.027）.The prevalence in the farmers was highest and less educated subjects had the highest prevalence of anti-HCV.In recent years,the incidence of hepatitis C was increasing in Shenzhen and the new cases of hepatitis C exceed hepatitis B for the first time in 2010.Conclusions HCV infection is one of the key public health issues in Shenzhen.At present,strengthening health education and health promotion is the only effective measure for prevention and control of hepatitis C.But in the future,vaccine development and use will be key to hepatitis C prevention.