以关节不稳建立的大鼠骨关节炎模型

背景：骨性关节炎是一种复杂的多病因退变性关节疾病。早期进行骨性关节炎的防治尤其重要。但获取足量的适合研究的早期骨性关节炎的人类骨标本十分困难。目的：观察关节不稳方法建立骨关节炎模型大鼠的关节软骨组织学变化。方法：10周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为2组：实验组切除右膝内侧半月板及内侧副韧带，对照组仅切开关节囊。于术后1，2，4，6，8周取右膝关节标本，行病理组织学检查分析大鼠骨关节炎病程的变化情况。结果与结论：①术后2，4，6，8周，实验组关节软骨退变程度呈现轻度糜烂、溃疡磨损、严重磨损、骨赘形成等病理变化。②术后1，2，4，6，8周，实验组关节软骨评分均明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结果显示该实验采用内侧副韧带切断＋内侧半月板切除方法成功建立了大鼠膝关节骨关节炎模型，且造模后4周内的病理、形态学改变类似于人类早期膝关节骨关节炎表现，是研究早期骨关节炎的理想模型。

Establishing a rat osteoarthritis model based on knee joint instability

BACKGROUND： Osteoarthritis is a kind of complex multi-cause degenerative joint diseases. It is important to prevent and treat osteoarthritis in the early stage. But it is difficult to obtain the sufficient amount of human bone specimens with early osteoarthritis which are suitable for the research. OBJECTIVE： To observe the pathological changes of articular cartilage in the rat osteoarthritis model established with joint instability. METHODS： The 10-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups： the experimental group and the control group. Rats in the experimental group underwent open surgery, involving both medial meniscectomy and medial collateral ligament transection. The rats in the control group only received capsular incision. The rats were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after operation to obtain the right knee joint specimens; and then histopathological examination was performed to analyze the changes of rat osteoarthritis disease. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The mild erosion, ulcers wear, severe wear, osteophyte formation and other pathological changes were observed during articular cartilage degeneration in the experimental group at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after operation. The articular cartilage score at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after operation in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. The results showed that medial meniscectomy and medial collateral ligament transection can effectively establish the rat knee osteoarthritis model, and the pathological and morphological changes at 4 weeks after modeling are similar to the performance of early human knee osteoarthritis, so the model is the ideal model to research the early osteoarthritis.